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Originally published By Patrick Pester in LiveScience on October 6, 2025 The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell and Shimon Sakaguchi for their work on how our immune system is prevented from attacking our organs. The 2025 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine winners, Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell and Shimon Sakaguchi, pioneered the field of peripheral immune tolerance . (Image credit: © The Nobel Committee for Physiology or Medicine. Ill. Mattias Karlén) A trio of researchers has won the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovering how the immune system is prevented from attacking our own bodies . Mary E. Brunkow of the Institute for Systems Biology in Seattle , Fred Ramsdell of Sonoma Biotherapeutics in San Francisco , and Shimon Sakaguchi of Osaka University in Japan were awarded the prize " for their discoveries concerning peripheral immune tolerance ." The Nobel Assembly at Karol...

University of British Columbia successfully  developed enzymes that  converted a kidney to universal type O for transplant, marking a major step toward faster, more compatible organ donations. Originally published in The University of British Columbia  site by Erik Rolfsen on October 3, 2025 The kidney, pre-transplant, in a perfusion device which is used to circulate a solution that contains the converting enzymes. Source: Nature Biomedical Engineering. The first successful human transplant of a kidney c onverted from blood type A to universal type O used special enzymes developed at the University of BritishColumbia to help prevent a mismatch and rejection of the organ. Published in Nature Biomedical Engineering , the achievement marks a major step toward helping thousands of patients get kidney transplants sooner . In a first-in-human experiment , the enzyme-converted kidney was transplanted into a brain-dead recipient with consent from the family, allowin...